The year 5316 was when the author of Sha'arei Kedusha lived. See there his dream regarding the matter of redemption [(Sha'arei Kedusha 47)].

In the year 5316, when Paulo Carafa was elected Pope in Rome, he decreed against the Jews in his kingdom that every synagogue must pay twelve ducats to the house of Rome that stands for the Jews who wish to convert. In that year, on the 14th of Tammuz, he decreed that men, women, and children must wear a yellow cap on their heads, and women a yellow veil [(see year 5256)] even when traveling outside the city.

All Jews must live in one neighborhood, and every night the doors of the neighborhood must be closed. They may not receive any service from Christians, may not partner with Christians, and may not do anything showing affection. Jews may not heal any Christian, and Jews may not engage in any commerce except in old clothes. If they had any merchandise at that time, they must sell it within nine days.

Within six months, the Jews must sell all their houses and properties. An accounting was made that the properties of the Jews in the kingdom were worth more than 400,000 crowns, and they were sold for less than a fifth. There may be only one synagogue in each city. They may not call it "Aron" or any exalted name.

Regarding usury, they may not lend except at a rate of twelve percent etc. These decrees had clauses and subsections that nearly caused the Jews to stumble in their faith, and even for a minor violation, the penalty was loss of body and property. This decree was publicized to the Jews in all his kingdom almost on one day, which was the ninth of Av, and Israel was greatly humiliated [(see year 5319)].

In that year, the Pope imprisoned all the Anusim who came from Portugal who were merchants, and he issued a judgment that whoever would convert anew would be saved, and whoever would not convert would be burned by fire. About sixty converted, but this did not help them, and they were sent to the galleys. Were it not for HaShem who was with them, for on the way they fled and escaped. Twenty-two men and one woman did not want to convert, and they were hanged and burned [Sha'arei Kedusha 117, and see there where he mentions the names of the twenty-two people].