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1. Machine translation • Review pending
**The beginning** of Roman rule over Israel was year 3648, 180 years before the destruction of the Temple [(chapter of Shabbat and chapter of Avodah Zarah)].
Year 3648 of the Jewish calendar.
**The beginning** of Roman rule over Israel was year 3648, 180 years before the destruction of the Temple [(chapter of Shabbat and chapter of Avodah Zarah)].