ר' דוסא בן הורקנוס

Rabbi Dosa ben Horkanus [mentioned in Avot (3:10) and referenced in the Mishnah Eruvin (39a), Rosh HaShanah (25a), and in the chapter of the judges of decrees Mishnah 1 and 2 (Kiddushin 97b) along with Admon and Hanan ben Avishalom. In Ediyot 3:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. In Chulin, chapter on the beginning of the harvest, in Ohalot 3:1, in Negaim 1:4.] lived longer than seventy years during the generation of Shimon the Just [as stated by the Rambam in the laws of Avot and in the introduction to the order of Zeraim] and throughout the Second Temple period until Rabban Gamliel and Rabbi Akiva after the destruction, and he was present in the testimony of the new moon [(see above regarding Rabban Gamliel of Yavneh)] concerning the matter, and Rabbi Yehoshua with Rabbi Akiva and Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah [(see there)] as it appears in the first chapter of Yevamot [(16a) and Rabbi Yehoshua and Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah and Rabbi Akiva went to him, and he seated them on golden couches.

And Rabbi Yehoshua said, "Rabbi," and he said, "There is a son of Azariah our colleague," and he said to Rabbi Akiva, "You are Akiva ben Yosef whose name is known from one end of the world to the other."] And he testified about this mortar that Haggai the prophet sat upon; this is the opinion of the Rambam.

However, this is difficult because in the chapter on throwing a get [(1:1)] Rabbi Yehuda bar Elai states that the earlier generations were the House of Shammai, and the later generations were Rabbi Dosa who said that a captive woman eats terumah. And so it is in chapter 3 of Ediyot because this was said by Rabbi Dosa ben Horkanus, and if he was before the House of Shammai, how is he among the later ones?

Furthermore, it is stated there in Yevamot that he had a younger brother named Yonatan [(see there)] who was from the students of the House of Shammai, and it is unlikely that he also had a brother from the age of seventy. Perhaps what he testified about this mortar that Haggai sat upon was a tradition he had, and he did not see it, or Haggai lived for as long as two hundred years. Indeed, it appears that Rabbi Dosa lived a long life, as he was very old until his eyes dimmed. [But it cannot be said that he was in the days of Shimon the Just, as I have written on a special page.

His burial and that of his father Horkanus is in a cave in Tzfat (Galilee). Rabbi Eliezer, his brother. Rabbi Chanina ben Dosa, is uncertain regarding the path of life if he is the son of Dosa ben Horkanus, see there and examine Rabbi Tzadok.]