**On the first** of the second month the waters dried up, and on the 27th of the second month the earth was dry and he went out from the ark. [From the plain meaning of the verses it is proven that the years and months in the early generations were equal in measure to the years and months that we use today. For in year 600 of Noah's life the fountains burst forth, and in the 12th month the tops of the mountains appeared, and after 40 days he opened the window of the ark, and he waited seven days and another seven days.

And after all this it says "and it was in the six hundred and first year"—behold, all these months and days did not count toward Noah's years except as one year, even counting the early months as our months. Because from the 17th of the seventh month mentioned in the passage, 150 days are counted, as it says "at the end of 150 days"—behold, this brings each month to 30 days. And this contradicts the opinion that year 130 is mentioned in the first millennium (Tzemach David)].

And they went out, each to his way and to his place, and Noah and his sons dwelt in the land of which the Lord had spoken to them, and they served the Lord, and the Lord blessed them to be fruitful and multiply [(Sefer HaYashar)]. Our Sages said: When Noah went out from the ark, a lion struck him and he was injured and could not offer sacrifices, so his son Shem offered in his place [(Seder HaDorot)].

The Tashbetz wrote that there were harmful creatures in the ark, and they harmed Noah's sons. And one angel took one of his sons to the Garden of Eden and taught him the Book of Remedies, and this is the book that Hezekiah hid [(Be'er Avraham, at the end of the Passover section)]:

**Noah** saw a male goat that ate grapes including their pits from the field called Mavurski, in such a manner that it became drunk and was merry. And he took a cutting and washed it with the blood of a lion, pig, lamb, and monkey, and planted the roots. And they grew grapes that were good and sweet, and he drank from them and became drunk [(similarly in the Yalkut in the name of Midrash Avkhir, it does not mention except lion, lamb, and pig)].

And some say that Noah was called Yianu in the language of wine, and his wife Tutziah, and some say Artziah from the language of "land" because she was the mother of all living. And after her death they called her Ashta from the root "fire" because she ascended to heaven. And some say they called her Arsi Priska [(Seder HaDorot there). Joseph did not drink wine until he saw his brothers—this rectified Noah who became drunk (see Ba'al HaTurim 235)]:

**Adam HaRishon** was commanded six commandments [(see above)]. Noah added the prohibition of eating a limb from a living animal [(and in Parshat Bo (Tzemach David, section 1) it says the sons of Noah were commanded thirty commandments)]:

**It is said** that a son was born to Noah after the Flood, and he was called Yoniko. He was a great sage in astrology, and his brothers drove him from their land. And he taught Nimrod the wisdom of war. And some say that after the Flood, Noah went from the mountains of Armenia to Italy and there learned much wisdom [(Seder HaDorot there).

Abel was reincarnated into Noah, etc., and afterward was reincarnated into Shem and Japheth (Yalkut Re'uveni, section on gilgulim in the name of Bereishit Rabbah). Noah-Shem-Moses are one spark, and into it Japheth was reincarnated (see Ba'al HaTurim 435)]:

**From the three** sons of Noah came forth seventy nations. From Japheth came fourteen nations: **G**omer, **M**agog, **M**adai, **Y**avan, **T**uval, **M**eshech, **T**iras [(and in Seder HaDorot)]. The sons of Gomer: **A**shkenaz, **R**iphat, **T**ogarmah [(see in the book Orchot Olam, newly printed, called Kol Mevaser (Naso 2), where King Arkuza Yosef son of Aharon writes that he is from Japheth, from the sons of Togarmah, who had twelve sons: Avior, Tirash, Ozar, Chovon, Bizal, Tarza, Khazar, and Nur, Balkar, Savir—we are from the sons of Khazar, the seventh, and see there how they converted, and it is good to copy it)].

The sons of Magog: Eli, Chalaf, and Lugav. The sons of Madai: Aton and Vilachoni and Lot. The sons of Javan: **E**lishah, **T**arshish, **K**ittim, **D**odanim. And the sons of Tuval: Arisi, Keshah, and Taari.

And the sons of Meshech: Hadon and Zarzon and Shigbashani. And the sons of Tiras: Beniv and Nira, Bizon and Lufadion and Bilak. And their numbers were 700,000 men [(Sefer HaYashar), and in Seder HaDorot 62 it writes fifteen families came from him, a typographical error]:

**Tiras** son of Japheth was the first to devise the pressing of signet rings with a finger and to make seals and to produce fire from stones [(Seder HaDorot). And in Pesachim (54a): On the conclusion of Shabbat, the Holy One, blessed be He, gave understanding to Adam HaRishon, and he took two stones and rubbed them together and fire came forth from them]:

**From Ham** came forth thirty families [(and in Seder HaDorot 62, it says 32, a typographical error)]. His sons: **C**ush, **M**itzrayim, **P**ut, **C**anaan. The sons of Cush: **N**imrod, **S**eva, **V**Chavilah, **S**avta, **R**aamah, **S**avtecha. The sons of Raamah: **Sh**eva, **D**edan.

Mitzrayim begot **L**udim, **A**namim, **L**havim, **N**aftuchim, **P**atrusim, **C**asluchim, **C**aphtorim. The sons of Put: Bavel and Hadan and the sons of Veadan. Canaan begot **Tz**idon, **Ch**et, **Y**evusi, **E**mori, **G**irgashi, **Ch**ivi, **A**rki, **S**ini, **A**rvadi, **H**Tzemari, **H**Chamati—330 men they were. And it was in the old age of Cush that he took a wife and she bore a son, and she called his name Nimrod, for at that time the sons of men began to rebel against God.

And the child grew, and his father loved him greatly for he was the son of his old age. And he gave him the garments of skin that the Holy One, blessed be He, made for Adam and his wife [(see there)]. And when he was twenty years old, he donned those garments, and Nimrod became mighty when he wore them. And God gave him strength and power, and he hunted beasts and offered them before the Lord, and he fought against all his enemies and succeeded greatly.

And when he was forty years old, there was war between his brothers and the sons of Japheth. And Nimrod gathered the sons of Cush and Nimrod struck Japheth's sons and they became his servants. And they made Nimrod king and placed the royal crown on his head, and he appointed officers and ministers, and Terah son of Nahor as the commander of his army, and he elevated him above all the ministers [(Sefer HaYashar).

Ham—they used to call him Zoroaster, and some say he was Nimrod, who was the first in the wisdom of sorcery and the seven wisdoms according to the Gabarelians. And as soon as he was born, he laughed, and they said this was a sign of his great wisdom (Seder HaDorot)]:

**Shem** begot twenty-six nations [(and in Seder HaDorot it says 27, a typographical error)]: **E**lam, **A**shur, **A**rpachshad, **L**ud, **A**ram. The sons of Elam: Shushan, Machol, Charmon. The sons of Ashur: Mirus, Mukil. Arpachshad begot **Sh**elach and Anar and Ashkol.

The sons of Lud: Patir and Gazion. The sons of Aram: **U**tz, **V**Chul, **G**eter, **V**Mash. Shelach begot **E**ver. Ever begot **P**eleg, **Y**oktan.

Yoktan begot **A**lmodad, **Sh**elef, **Ch**atzar Mavet, **Y**erach [(and in Sefer HaYashar: Zerach)], **H**adoram, **U**zal [(there: Azil)], **D**iklah, **O**val, **A**vimael, **Sh**eva, **O**phir, **Ch**avilah, **Y**ovav [(Sefer HaYashar)]: